Helms was a crew member on five Space Shuttle missions and was a resident of the International Space Station (ISS) for over five months in 2001. While participating in ISS Expedition 2, she and Jim Voss conducted an 8-hour and 56 minute spacewalk, the world record for the longest spacewalk.
Helms officially retired from the United States Air Force in 2014.
In 2020, she was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for accomplishments in civil and military space programs.

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